What is a Vane Pump? Structure and Working Principle of Vane Pump

Vane pumps are an important part of the hydraulic system. It is used in many construction and industrial machinery systems... because it operates stably, regularly and has high volumetric efficiency. So what is the structure of a vane pump and how does it operate? Let's find out with Truong Linh Parts through the article below.

1. What is a vane pump?

A vane pump, also known as a vane blade pump or vane valve pump, is a type of hydraulic pump used to supply hydraulic oil for industrial and automation applications. Vane pumps have a special structure with several rotating vanes to compress and push hydraulic oil through the system. A device used to suck oil and fluid from a tank and deliver it into pipes at constant pressure to support the operation of the hydraulic system.

It is a type of hydraulic pump used in applications that require stable hydraulic flow without pressure disturbances. This vane pump belongs to the volumetric pump group and often relies on the mechanism of alternating pressure increase and decrease to suck in or push out oil. What is special about this type of vane pump is that it can be designed with an adjustable or fixed pump flow rate.

The role of the vane pump is to suck working fluids such as oil, water, grease, chemicals from the tank and transport them at a constant flow rate to quickly meet the working needs of the other equipment such as hydraulic system. Cylinder, solenoid valve...

2. Structure and operating principle of vane pump

2.1. Vane pump structure

Pump Housing: This is the external part of the pump, containing all the internal components and protecting them from dirt and the outside environment. The pump casing is usually made of aluminum alloy or steel.

Rotor: Rotor is the main part of the vane pump. It is usually a shaft installed symmetrically to the center of the pump and has vanes fastened around the shaft. As the rotor rotates, the vanes move in and out of the pump chamber and create hydraulic flow.

Blades: Blades are an important component of a vane pump. They are mounted on the shaft and rotate inside the pump housing. Vanes are designed to create pressure and flow by compressing hydraulic oil.

Shaft: The shaft connects the pump to the power source, usually an electric motor.

Pump Chamber: The pump chamber is the space in the pump where hydraulic oil is sucked in and pushed out. As the vane moves, the pump chamber changes size to create hydraulic pressure and flow.

Suction Port: This is where hydraulic oil from the external system is drawn into the pump to start the pumping process.

Outlet Port: After the hydraulic oil is compressed and pressurized in the pump chamber, it is pushed out through the discharge area to supply the hydraulic system.

Valve System: Vane pumps often have a valve system used to control the flow of hydraulic oil.

See more: Causes of Damage and Repairs to Excavator Hydraulic Pumps

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